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Debugging QML Applications

Provides information on how to use QML's debugging tools.

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Publié le - Mis à jour le 26 janvier 2024 

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Debugging QML Applications▲

When you develop an application with QML, there are many ways to debug possible issues that you may face. The sections below describe the debugging tools available and how to use them.

Console API▲

Feature

Description

Log

Use console.log, console.debug, console.info, console.warn, or console.error to print debugging information to the console.

For example:

 
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function f(a, b) {
  console.log("a is ", a, "b is ", b);
}

The output is generated using the qCDebug, qCWarning, or qCCritical methods in C++, with a category of qml or js, depending on the type of file doing the logging. See also Debugging Techniques.

Assert

console.assert tests that an expression is true. If not, it writes an optional message to the console and prints the stack trace.

For example:

 
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function f() {
  var x = 12
  console.assert(x == 12, "This will pass");
  console.assert(x > 12, "This will fail");
}

Timer

console.time and console.timeEnd log the time (in milliseconds) that was spent between the calls. Both take a string argument that identifies the measurement.

For example:

 
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function f() {
    console.time("wholeFunction");
    console.time("firstPart");
    // first part
    console.timeEnd("firstPart");
    // second part
    console.timeEnd("wholeFunction");
}

Trace

console.trace prints the stack trace of the JavaScript execution at the point where it was called. This stack trace information contains the function name, file name, line number, and column number. The stack trace is limited to last 10 stack frames.

Count

console.count prints the current number of times a particular piece of code has run, along with a message.

For example:

 
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function f() {
  console.count("f called");
}

The code sample above prints f called: 1, f called: 2 ... whenever f() is run.

Profile

console.profile turns on the QML and JavaScript profilers. Nested calls are not supported and prints a warning to the console.

ProfileEnd

console.profileEnd turns off the QML and JavaScript profilers. Calling this function without a previous call to console.profile prints a warning to the console. A profiling client needs to be attached before this call to receive and store the profiling data.

For example:

 
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function f() {
    console.profile();
    //Call some function that needs to be profiled.
    //Ensure that a client is attached before ending
    //the profiling session.
    console.profileEnd();
}

Exception

console.exception prints an error message together with the stack trace of JavaScript execution at the point where it is called.

Alternatively, a logging category can be passed as the first argument to any of these console functions. See LoggingCategory for more details.

Debugging Module Imports▲

Set the QML_IMPORT_TRACE environment variable to enable debug output from QML's import loading mechanisms.

For example, for a simple QML file like this:

 
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import QtQuick

Rectangle { width: 100; height: 100 }

If you set QML_IMPORT_TRACE=1 before running the QML Runtime Tool or your QML C++ application, you will see output similar to:

 
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QQmlImportDatabase::addImportPath "/qt-sdk/imports"
QQmlImportDatabase::addImportPath "/qt-sdk/bin/QMLViewer.app/Contents/MacOS"
QQmlImportDatabase::addToImport 0x106237370 "." -1.-1 File as ""
QQmlImportDatabase::addToImport 0x106237370 "Qt" 4.7 Library as ""
QQmlImportDatabase::resolveType "Rectangle" = "QDeclarativeRectangle"

QML Debugging Infrastructure▲

The Qt QML module provides services for debugging, inspecting, and profiling applications via a TCP port or a local socket.

The qmltooling plugins that are required for debugging and profiling QML applications on devices are automatically installed during Qt installation. They must be deployed to the devices for debugging and profiling to work.

Enabling the Infrastructure▲

When you compile your application, you must explicitly enable the debugging infrastructure. If you use qmake, you can add the configuration parameters to the project .pro file:

  • Qt Quick 1: CONFIG+=declarative_debug

  • Qt Quick 2: CONFIG+=qml_debug

If you use another build system, you can pass the following defines to the compiler:

  • Qt Quick 1: QT_DECLARATIVE_DEBUG

  • Qt Quick 2: QT_QML_DEBUG

Enabling the debugging infrastructure may compromise the integrity of your application and system, and therefore, you should only enable it in a controlled environment. When the infrastructure is enabled, the application displays the following warning:

QML debugging is enabled. Only use this in a safe environment.

Starting Applications▲

To enable debugging – from the start or to attach a debugger later on – start the application with the following arguments:

-qmljsdebugger=port:<port_from>[,port_to][,host:<ip address>][,block][,file:<local socket>][,services:<comma-separated list of services to enable>]

Where:

  • the mandatory port_from specifies either the debugging port or the start port of a range of ports when port_to is specified

  • the optional ip address specifies the IP address of the host where the application is running

  • the optional block prevents the application from running until the debug client connects to the server

  • the optional file specifies the local socket.

  • the optional services specifies the services to enable; the default is all that are found. Note that the v4 debug service disables the JIT.

After the application has successfully started, it displays the following message:

QML Debugger: Waiting for connection on port <port_number> or QML Debugger: Connecting to socket at <file>"

Connecting to Applications▲

When the application is running, an IDE or a tool that implements the binary protocol can connect to the open port.

Qt provides a qmlprofiler command line tool to capture profiling data in a file. To run this tool, enter the following command:

qmlprofiler -p <port> -attach <ip address>

Debugging with Qt Creator▲

Qt Creator uses the debugging infrastructure to debug, inspect, and profile Qt Quick applications on the desktop as well as on remote devices. Qt Creator provides integrated clients for debugging JavaScript, inspecting the object tree, and profiling the activities of a QML engine. For more information, see Qt Creator: Debugging Qt Quick Projects.

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