QSqlDatabase Class Reference
[sql module]

Detailed Description

Note that transaction handling is not supported by every SQL database. You can find out whether transactions are supported using QSqlDriver::hasFeature().

The QSqlDatabase class provides an abstract interface for accessing many types of database backends. Database-specific drivers are used internally to actually access and manipulate data, (see QSqlDriver). Result set objects provide the interface for executing and manipulating SQL queries (see QSqlQuery).

See also Database Classes.

Member Function Documentation

QSqlDatabase::QSqlDatabase ( const QString & type, const QString & name, QObject * parent = 0, const char * objname = 0 ) [protected]

The currently available drivers are:

Additional third party drivers, including your own custom drivers, can be loaded dynamically.

See also registerSqlDriver().

QSqlDatabase::QSqlDatabase ( QSqlDriver * driver, QObject * parent = 0, const char * objname = 0 ) [protected]

Creates a database connection using the driver driver, with the parent parent and the object name objname.

Warning: The framework takes ownership of the driver pointer, so it should not be deleted.

QSqlDatabase::~QSqlDatabase ()

QSqlDatabase * QSqlDatabase::addDatabase ( const QString & type, const QString & connectionName = defaultConnection ) [static]

The database connection is referred to by connectionName. The newly added database connection is returned. This pointer is owned by QSqlDatabase and will be deleted on program exit or when removeDatabase() is called. You should only call this once for each database.

If connectionName is not specified, the newly added database connection becomes the default database connection for the application, and subsequent calls to database() (without a database name parameter) will return a pointer to it. If connectionName is given, use database(connectionName) to retrieve a pointer to the database connection.

See also database() and removeDatabase().

Examples: sql/overview/connect1/main.cpp, sql/overview/connection.cpp, and sql/sqltable/main.cpp.

QSqlDatabase * QSqlDatabase::addDatabase ( QSqlDriver * driver, const QString & connectionName = defaultConnection ) [static]

This function is useful if you need to set up the database connection and instantiate the driver yourself. If you do this, it is recommended that you include the driver code in your own application. For example, setting up a custom PostgreSQL connection and instantiating the QPSQL7 driver can be done the following way:

    #include "qtdir/src/sql/drivers/psql/qsql_psql.cpp"
    

    PGconn* con = PQconnectdb( "host=server user=bart password=simpson dbname=springfield" );
    QPSQLDriver* drv =  new QPSQLDriver( con );
    QSqlDatabase* db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase( drv ); // becomes the new default connection
    QSqlQuery q;
    q.exec( "SELECT * FROM people" );
    ...
    

The above code sets up a PostgreSQL connection and instantiates a QPSQLDriver object. Next, addDatabase() is called to add the connection to the known connections so that it can be used by the Qt SQL classes. When a driver is instantiated with a connection handle (or set of handles), Qt assumes that you have already opened the database connection.

Remember that you must link your application against the database client library as well. The simplest way to do this is to add lines like those below to your .pro file:

    unix:LIBS += -lpq
    win32:LIBS += libpqdll.lib
    

You will need to have the client library in your linker's search path.

The method described above will work for all the drivers, the only difference is the arguments the driver constructors take. Below is an overview of the drivers and their constructor arguments.

Note: The host name (or service name) is needed when constructing the QTDSDriver for creating new connections for internal queries. This is to prevent the simultaneous usage of several QSqlQuery/QSqlCursor objects from blocking each other.

Warning: The SQL framework takes ownership of the driver pointer, and it should not be deleted. The returned QSqlDatabase object is owned by the framework and must not be deleted. If you want to explicitly remove the connection, use removeDatabase()

See also drivers().

void QSqlDatabase::close ()

See also removeDatabase().

bool QSqlDatabase::commit ()

See also QSqlDriver::hasFeature() and rollback().

QString QSqlDatabase::connectOptions () const

Returns the database connect options. See the "connectOptions" property for details.

bool QSqlDatabase::contains ( const QString & connectionName = defaultConnection ) [static]

QSqlDatabase * QSqlDatabase::database ( const QString & connectionName = defaultConnection, bool open = TRUE ) [static]

Examples: sql/overview/basicbrowsing/main.cpp and sql/overview/create_connections/main.cpp.

QString QSqlDatabase::databaseName () const

Returns the name of the database. See the "databaseName" property for details.

QSqlDriver * QSqlDatabase::driver () const

QString QSqlDatabase::driverName () const

QStringList QSqlDatabase::drivers () [static]

Note that if you want to iterate over the list, you should iterate over a copy, e.g.

    QStringList list = QSqlDatabase::drivers();
    QStringList::Iterator it = list.begin();
    while( it != list.end() ) {
        myProcessing( *it );
        ++it;
    }
    

QSqlQuery QSqlDatabase::exec ( const QString & query = QString::null ) const

See also QSqlQuery and lastError().

QString QSqlDatabase::hostName () const

Returns the host name where the database resides. See the "hostName" property for details.

bool QSqlDatabase::isDriverAvailable ( const QString & name ) [static]

See also drivers().

bool QSqlDatabase::isOpen () const

bool QSqlDatabase::isOpenError () const

QSqlError QSqlDatabase::lastError () const

Examples: sql/overview/connection.cpp and sql/sqltable/main.cpp.

bool QSqlDatabase::open ()

See also lastError().

Examples: sql/overview/connect1/main.cpp, sql/overview/connection.cpp, and sql/sqltable/main.cpp.

bool QSqlDatabase::open ( const QString & user, const QString & password )

Opens the database connection using the given user name and password. Returns TRUE on success; otherwise returns FALSE. Error information can be retrieved using the lastError() function.

This function does not store the password it is given. Instead, the password is passed directly to the driver for opening a connection and is then discarded.

See also lastError().

QString QSqlDatabase::password () const

Returns the password used to connect to the database. See the "password" property for details.

int QSqlDatabase::port () const

Returns the port used to connect to the database. See the "port" property for details.

QSqlIndex QSqlDatabase::primaryIndex ( const QString & tablename ) const

QSqlRecord QSqlDatabase::record ( const QString & tablename ) const

See also recordInfo().

QSqlRecord QSqlDatabase::record ( const QSqlQuery & query ) const

Returns a QSqlRecord populated with the names of all the fields used in the SQL query. If the query is a "SELECT *" the order in which fields appear in the record is undefined.

See also recordInfo().

QSqlRecordInfo QSqlDatabase::recordInfo ( const QString & tablename ) const

See also QSqlRecordInfo, QSqlFieldInfo, and record().

QSqlRecordInfo QSqlDatabase::recordInfo ( const QSqlQuery & query ) const

Returns a QSqlRecordInfo object with meta data for the QSqlQuery query. Note that this overloaded function may return less information than the recordInfo() function which takes the name of a table as parameter.

See also QSqlRecordInfo, QSqlFieldInfo, and record().

void QSqlDatabase::registerSqlDriver ( const QString & name, const QSqlDriverCreatorBase * creator ) [static]

Example usage:

    QSqlDatabase::registerSqlDriver( "MYDRIVER", new QSqlDriverCreator<MyDatabaseDriver> );
    QSqlDatabase* db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase( "MYDRIVER" );
    ...
    

Warning: The framework takes ownership of the creator pointer, so it should not be deleted.

void QSqlDatabase::removeDatabase ( const QString & connectionName ) [static]

Warning: There should be no open queries on the database connection when this function is called, otherwise a resource leak will occur.

void QSqlDatabase::removeDatabase ( QSqlDatabase * db ) [static]

Removes the database connection db from the list of database connections. The QSqlDatabase object is destroyed when it is removed from the list.

Warning: The db pointer is not valid after this function has been called. There should be no open queries on the database connection when this function is called, otherwise a resource leak will occur.

bool QSqlDatabase::rollback ()

See also QSqlDriver::hasFeature(), commit(), and transaction().

void QSqlDatabase::setConnectOptions ( const QString & options = QString::null )

Sets the database connect options to options. See the "connectOptions" property for details.

void QSqlDatabase::setDatabaseName ( const QString & name ) [virtual]

Sets the name of the database to name. See the "databaseName" property for details.

void QSqlDatabase::setHostName ( const QString & host ) [virtual]

Sets the host name where the database resides to host. See the "hostName" property for details.

void QSqlDatabase::setPassword ( const QString & password ) [virtual]

Sets the password used to connect to the database to password. See the "password" property for details.

void QSqlDatabase::setPort ( int p ) [virtual]

Sets the port used to connect to the database to p. See the "port" property for details.

void QSqlDatabase::setUserName ( const QString & name ) [virtual]

Sets the user name connected to the database to name. See the "userName" property for details.

QStringList QSqlDatabase::tables ( QSql::TableType type ) const

Note that if you want to iterate over the list, you should iterate over a copy, e.g.

    QStringList list = myDatabase.tables( QSql::Tables | QSql::Views );
    QStringList::Iterator it = list.begin();
    while( it != list.end() ) {
        myProcessing( *it );
        ++it;
    }
    

QStringList QSqlDatabase::tables () const

Returns a list of the database's tables that are visible to the user. To include views or system tables, use the version of this function that takes a table type parameter.

Note that if you want to iterate over the list, you should iterate over a copy, e.g.

    QStringList list = myDatabase.tables();
    QStringList::Iterator it = list.begin();
    while( it != list.end() ) {
        myProcessing( *it );
        ++it;
    }
    

bool QSqlDatabase::transaction ()

See also QSqlDriver::hasFeature(), commit(), and rollback().

QString QSqlDatabase::userName () const

Returns the user name connected to the database. See the "userName" property for details.

Property Documentation

QString connectOptions

This property holds the database connect options.

The format of the options string is a semi-colon separated list of option names or option = value pairs. The options depend on the database client used:

Example of usage:

    ...
    // MySQL connection
    db->setConnectOptions( "CLIENT_SSL;CLIENT_IGNORE_SPACE" ); // use an SSL connection to the server
    if ( !db->open() ) {
        db->setConnectOptions(); // clears the connect option string
        ...
    }
    ...
    // PostgreSQL connection
    db->setConnectOptions( "requiressl=1" ); // enable PostgreSQL SSL connections
    if ( !db->open() ) {
        db->setConnectOptions(); // clear options
        ...
    }
    ...
    // ODBC connection
    db->setConnectOptions( "SQL_ATTR_ACCESS_MODE=SQL_MODE_READ_ONLY;SQL_ATTR_TRACE=SQL_OPT_TRACE_ON" ); // set ODBC options
    if ( !db->open() ) {
        db->setConnectOptions(); // don't try to set this option
        ...
    }
    

Please refer to the client library documentation for more information about the different options. The options will be set prior to opening the database connection. Setting new options without re-opening the connection does nothing.

See also

Set this property's value with setConnectOptions() and get this property's value with connectOptions().

QString databaseName

This property holds the name of the database.

Note that the database name is the TNS Service Name for the QOCI8 (Oracle) driver.

For the QODBC3 driver it can either be a DSN, a DSN filename (the file must have a .dsn extension), or a connection string. MS Access users can for example use the following connection string to open a .mdb file directly, instead of having to create a DSN entry in the ODBC manager:

    ...
    db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase( "QODBC3" );
    db->setDatabaseName( "DRIVER={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};FIL={MS Access};DBQ=myaccessfile.mdb" );
    if ( db->open() ) {
        // success!
    }
    ...
    

There is no default value.

Set this property's value with setDatabaseName() and get this property's value with databaseName().

QString hostName

This property holds the host name where the database resides.

There is no default value.

Set this property's value with setHostName() and get this property's value with hostName().

QString password

This property holds the password used to connect to the database.

There is no default value.

Warning: This function stores the password in plain text within Qt. Use the open() call that takes a password as parameter to avoid this behaviour.

See also open().

Set this property's value with setPassword() and get this property's value with password().

int port

This property holds the port used to connect to the database.

There is no default value.

Set this property's value with setPort() and get this property's value with port().

QString userName

This property holds the user name connected to the database.

There is no default value.

Set this property's value with setUserName() and get this property's value with userName().

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