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Qt Organizer Manager EnginesIntroductionThe QOrganizerManager interface provided to clients to allow access to organizer information depends on an implementation of QOrganizerManagerEngine existing. This engine provides the methods which are called by the manager. An engine is identified by its URI, which is the name reported to clients through the QOrganizerManager::managerUri() function. The URI of a manager is built by combining its name, version and relevant construction parameters. Information For Engine ImplementorsSome developers may wish to provide implementations of QOrganizerManagerEngine for use by clients. The engine that they provide may aggregate multiple datastores, or access a remote datastore, or provide some other functionality to clients. An engine is distributed as a Qt Plugin, and will be detected automatically by the plugin loading code in the QOrganizerManager, so long as the plugin is located in the correct path ($QT_PLUGINS_DIR/organizer/). Manager EngineThe functionality exposed by the QOrganizerManager class may be implemented by engine plugins which interface directly to a platform-specific backend or provide their own data storage backend. As such, the terms "manager", "plugin" and "backend" are used interchangeably in this documentation to refer to any engine plugin which implements the functionality exposed by the QOrganizerManager interface. The plugin architecture allows dynamic loading of different manager engines at runtime. A manager backend may be implemented by subclassing QOrganizerManagerEngine, and providing a QOrganizerManagerEngineFactory which can instantiate it when required. SchemasThe schema supported by a engine is the list of detail definitions which are supported by the engine. For in-depth information about the schema, please refer to the main Qt Organizer Schema page. Engine-Specific IdsEach engine interfaces with a particular datastore, and that datastore may have its own particular way of identifying items stored in it. The QtMobility Organizer API allows engine implementers to define their own id format. Engine implementers must implement their own id classes derived from QOrganizerItemEngineId and QOrganizerCollectionEngineId respectively. For an example of how to implement these classes, see the "skeleton" example plugin. Which Functions Do I Need To ImplementDifferent engines provide different functionality and support different features. Depending on the feature set of the engine, it will need to implement a particular subset of the API. The default implementation for most functions will set the error to QOrganizerManager::NotSupportedError and return the value which indicates that an error has occurred. Mandatory FunctionsAll engines must implement the following functions:
Every engine implementation must also come with an implementation of QOrganizerManagerEngineFactory for that engine. Note that you do not need to implement filtering and sorting natively in an engine; the default implementation offers the following static functions to perform filtering and sorting respectively, in memory:
However, engine implementors should be aware that the default implementation is naive and will have greatly reduced performance compared to a native implementation (e.g., SQL queries, if the calendar or personal data exposed by the engine implementation is stored in an SQL database). Similarly, any QOrganizerItemFetchHint parameter may be ignored by an engine implementation, but if it does so it must return all information available for the item. All engines must also implement the following functions to implement asynchronous requests:
If the engine does not support asynchronous requests, it should always return false in the last three of those functions, and do nothing in the first. If the engine does support asynchronous requests, it must ensure that all information required to perform the request is saved in the engine within QOrganizerManagerEngine::startRequest(), as the client owns the request object and may delete it at any time. In general, engine implementors should be aware of this ownership semantic, and never attempt an unsafe operation on a request pointer. It is recommended that all engine implementations support asynchronous requests, even if they use a "dummy" implementation which services the request synchronously during startRequest, and then emit the appropriate signals from the request via a zero-millisecond timeout timer. Optional FunctionalityThe rest of the virtual functions are optional, and should be implemented only if the engine supports the operations. If the engine can be constructed with different parameters, which affects the operation of the engine (for example, a parameter might define which file to read schedule or calendar information from, or it might be an access token to prove that the client has the access rights to read organizer information from the engine, etc), it must report which parameters it was constructed with via the function. If the engine supports native filtering of any kind, it must report to clients which filters are supported natively by implementing: If the engine supports saving or removing organizer item information, as well as retrieval, it must implement: It may also choose to implement the "single item" functions: If it does not, the default implementation of those functions will use the batch (plural) versions of those functions to implement the required behavior. If the engine supports addition, modification and removal of collections, it must implement: If the engine supports modification of its schema (that is, extension of its definitions at run-time), it must report that it supports the QOrganizerManager::MutableDefinitions feature via QOrganizerManagerEngine::hasFeature(), and must also implement: Optional ImplementationApart from areas of functionality which may be optionally implemented by the engine or not, the default implementation provides several functions which operate in a naive, in-memory manner. An engine implementation can override this default implementation with its own, if it wishes, in order to obtain performance gains, or to more accurately implement the function. As previously mentioned it may implement its own sorting or filtering, in functions such as QOrganizerManagerEngine::items(). An engine may also implement:
Which Signals Do I Need To EmitAn engine implementation must emit the appropriate signals for the subset of functionality that it supports. If the engine supports reading or saving items, it must emit the:
signals as appropriate. Alternatively, it can emit the QOrganizerManager::dataChanged() signal instead. Similarly, if the engine supports reading or saving collections, it must emit the:
signals as appropriate. Alternatively, it can emit the QOrganizerManager::dataChanged() signal instead. Note that the collectionsChanged() signal should be emitted if the meta data of a collection is updated, not if the client saves an item in the collection. That is, the collection-related signals are for collection meta-data, not the contents of the collection. Other ConsiderationsThere are several other considerations that engine writers must be aware of:
Example ImplementationThere are several implementations of QOrganizerManagerEngine available in the QtMobility source code repository. In particular, the "memory" engine provides an implementation of an in-memory, anonymous datastore which supports almost every feature in the API, and therefore is useful for demonstration purposes. Be aware, however, that the implementation of all functionality in the "memory" engine is naive and not performant, and should not be copied in any real engine implementation (e.g., to perform filtering, it reads all items from the (in-memory) database, and checks one by one for matches; a real engine, on the other hand, might perform a database query to return the results directly, rather than performing n-reads). The "skeleton" engine provides a useful template for engine implementors, and it is suggested that it is used as a starting point for anyone who wishes to implement a QOrganizerManagerEngine. |
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