Viadeo Twitter Google Bookmarks ! Facebook Digg del.icio.us MySpace Yahoo MyWeb Blinklist Netvouz Reddit Simpy StumbleUpon Bookmarks Windows Live Favorites 
Logo Documentation Qt ·  Page d'accueil  ·  Toutes les classes  ·  Toutes les fonctions  ·  Vues d'ensemble  · 

QSyntaxHighlighter Class Reference

The QSyntaxHighlighter class allows you to define syntax highlighting rules, and in addition you can use the class to query a document's current formatting or user data. More...

 #include <QSyntaxHighlighter>

Inherits: QObject.

Note: All functions in this class are reentrant.

This class was introduced in Qt 4.1.

Public Functions

QSyntaxHighlighter ( QObject * parent )
QSyntaxHighlighter ( QTextDocument * parent )
QSyntaxHighlighter ( QTextEdit * parent )
virtual ~QSyntaxHighlighter ()
QTextDocument * document () const
void setDocument ( QTextDocument * doc )
  • 29 public functions inherited from QObject

Public Slots

void rehighlight ()
void rehighlightBlock ( const QTextBlock & block )
  • 1 public slot inherited from QObject

Protected Functions

QTextBlock currentBlock () const
int currentBlockState () const
QTextBlockUserData * currentBlockUserData () const
QTextCharFormat format ( int position ) const
virtual void highlightBlock ( const QString & text ) = 0
int previousBlockState () const
void setCurrentBlockState ( int newState )
void setCurrentBlockUserData ( QTextBlockUserData * data )
void setFormat ( int start, int count, const QTextCharFormat & format )
void setFormat ( int start, int count, const QColor & color )
void setFormat ( int start, int count, const QFont & font )
  • 7 protected functions inherited from QObject

Additional Inherited Members

  • 1 property inherited from QObject
  • 1 signal inherited from QObject
  • 5 static public members inherited from QObject

Detailed Description

The QSyntaxHighlighter class allows you to define syntax highlighting rules, and in addition you can use the class to query a document's current formatting or user data.

The QSyntaxHighlighter class is a base class for implementing QTextEdit syntax highlighters. A syntax highligher automatically highlights parts of the text in a QTextEdit, or more generally in a QTextDocument. Syntax highlighters are often used when the user is entering text in a specific format (for example source code) and help the user to read the text and identify syntax errors.

To provide your own syntax highlighting, you must subclass QSyntaxHighlighter and reimplement highlightBlock().

When you create an instance of your QSyntaxHighlighter subclass, pass it the QTextEdit or QTextDocument that you want the syntax highlighting to be applied to. For example:

 QTextEdit *editor = new QTextEdit;
 MyHighlighter *highlighter = new MyHighlighter(editor->document());

After this your highlightBlock() function will be called automatically whenever necessary. Use your highlightBlock() function to apply formatting (e.g. setting the font and color) to the text that is passed to it. QSyntaxHighlighter provides the setFormat() function which applies a given QTextCharFormat on the current text block. For example:

 void MyHighlighter::highlightBlock(const QString &text)
 {
     QTextCharFormat myClassFormat;
     myClassFormat.setFontWeight(QFont::Bold);
     myClassFormat.setForeground(Qt::darkMagenta);
     QString pattern = "\\bMy[A-Za-z]+\\b";

     QRegExp expression(pattern);
     int index = text.indexOf(expression);
     while (index >= 0) {
         int length = expression.matchedLength();
         setFormat(index, length, myClassFormat);
         index = text.indexOf(expression, index + length);
     }
 }

Some syntaxes can have constructs that span several text blocks. For example, a C++ syntax highlighter should be able to cope with /*...*/ multiline comments. To deal with these cases it is necessary to know the end state of the previous text block (e.g. "in comment").

Inside your highlightBlock() implementation you can query the end state of the previous text block using the previousBlockState() function. After parsing the block you can save the last state using setCurrentBlockState().

The currentBlockState() and previousBlockState() functions return an int value. If no state is set, the returned value is -1. You can designate any other value to identify any given state using the setCurrentBlockState() function. Once the state is set the QTextBlock keeps that value until it is set set again or until the corresponding paragraph of text is deleted.

For example, if you're writing a simple C++ syntax highlighter, you might designate 1 to signify "in comment":

 QTextCharFormat multiLineCommentFormat;
 multiLineCommentFormat.setForeground(Qt::red);

 QRegExp startExpression("/\\*");
 QRegExp endExpression("\\*/");

 setCurrentBlockState(0);

 int startIndex = 0;
 if (previousBlockState() != 1)
     startIndex = text.indexOf(startExpression);

 while (startIndex >= 0) {
    int endIndex = text.indexOf(endExpression, startIndex);
    int commentLength;
    if (endIndex == -1) {
        setCurrentBlockState(1);
        commentLength = text.length() - startIndex;
    } else {
        commentLength = endIndex - startIndex
                        + endExpression.matchedLength();
    }
    setFormat(startIndex, commentLength, multiLineCommentFormat);
    startIndex = text.indexOf(startExpression,
                              startIndex + commentLength);
 }

In the example above, we first set the current block state to 0. Then, if the previous block ended within a comment, we higlight from the beginning of the current block (startIndex = 0). Otherwise, we search for the given start expression. If the specified end expression cannot be found in the text block, we change the current block state by calling setCurrentBlockState(), and make sure that the rest of the block is higlighted.

In addition you can query the current formatting and user data using the format() and currentBlockUserData() functions respectively. You can also attach user data to the current text block using the setCurrentBlockUserData() function. QTextBlockUserData can be used to store custom settings. In the case of syntax highlighting, it is in particular interesting as cache storage for information that you may figure out while parsing the paragraph's text. For an example, see the setCurrentBlockUserData() documentation.

See also QTextEdit and Syntax Highlighter Example.

Member Function Documentation

QSyntaxHighlighter::QSyntaxHighlighter ( QObject * parent )

Constructs a QSyntaxHighlighter with the given parent.

QSyntaxHighlighter::QSyntaxHighlighter ( QTextDocument * parent )

Constructs a QSyntaxHighlighter and installs it on parent. The specified QTextDocument also becomes the owner of the QSyntaxHighlighter.

QSyntaxHighlighter::QSyntaxHighlighter ( QTextEdit * parent )

Constructs a QSyntaxHighlighter and installs it on parent 's QTextDocument. The specified QTextEdit also becomes the owner of the QSyntaxHighlighter.

QSyntaxHighlighter::~QSyntaxHighlighter () [virtual]

Destructor. Uninstalls this syntax highlighter from the text document.

QTextBlock QSyntaxHighlighter::currentBlock () const [protected]

Returns the current text block.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.4.

int QSyntaxHighlighter::currentBlockState () const [protected]

Returns the state of the current text block. If no value is set, the returned value is -1.

See also setCurrentBlockState().

QTextBlockUserData * QSyntaxHighlighter::currentBlockUserData () const [protected]

Returns the QTextBlockUserData object previously attached to the current text block.

See also QTextBlock::userData() and setCurrentBlockUserData().

QTextDocument * QSyntaxHighlighter::document () const

Returns the QTextDocument on which this syntax highlighter is installed.

See also setDocument().

QTextCharFormat QSyntaxHighlighter::format ( int position ) const [protected]

Returns the format at position inside the syntax highlighter's current text block.

See also setFormat().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::highlightBlock ( const QString & text ) [pure virtual protected]

Highlights the given text block. This function is called when necessary by the rich text engine, i.e. on text blocks which have changed.

To provide your own syntax highlighting, you must subclass QSyntaxHighlighter and reimplement highlightBlock(). In your reimplementation you should parse the block's text and call setFormat() as often as necessary to apply any font and color changes that you require. For example:

 void MyHighlighter::highlightBlock(const QString &text)
 {
     QTextCharFormat myClassFormat;
     myClassFormat.setFontWeight(QFont::Bold);
     myClassFormat.setForeground(Qt::darkMagenta);
     QString pattern = "\\bMy[A-Za-z]+\\b";

     QRegExp expression(pattern);
     int index = text.indexOf(expression);
     while (index >= 0) {
         int length = expression.matchedLength();
         setFormat(index, length, myClassFormat);
         index = text.indexOf(expression, index + length);
      }
  }

Some syntaxes can have constructs that span several text blocks. For example, a C++ syntax highlighter should be able to cope with /*...*/ multiline comments. To deal with these cases it is necessary to know the end state of the previous text block (e.g. "in comment").

Inside your highlightBlock() implementation you can query the end state of the previous text block using the previousBlockState() function. After parsing the block you can save the last state using setCurrentBlockState().

The currentBlockState() and previousBlockState() functions return an int value. If no state is set, the returned value is -1. You can designate any other value to identify any given state using the setCurrentBlockState() function. Once the state is set the QTextBlock keeps that value until it is set set again or until the corresponding paragraph of text gets deleted.

For example, if you're writing a simple C++ syntax highlighter, you might designate 1 to signify "in comment". For a text block that ended in the middle of a comment you'd set 1 using setCurrentBlockState, and for other paragraphs you'd set 0. In your parsing code if the return value of previousBlockState() is 1, you would highlight the text as a C++ comment until you reached the closing */.

See also previousBlockState(), setFormat(), and setCurrentBlockState().

int QSyntaxHighlighter::previousBlockState () const [protected]

Returns the end state of the text block previous to the syntax highlighter's current block. If no value was previously set, the returned value is -1.

See also highlightBlock() and setCurrentBlockState().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::rehighlight () [slot]

Reapplies the highlighting to the whole document.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.2.

See also rehighlightBlock().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::rehighlightBlock ( const QTextBlock & block ) [slot]

Reapplies the highlighting to the given QTextBlock block.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.6.

See also rehighlight().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setCurrentBlockState ( int newState ) [protected]

Sets the state of the current text block to newState.

See also currentBlockState() and highlightBlock().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setCurrentBlockUserData ( QTextBlockUserData * data ) [protected]

Attaches the given data to the current text block. The ownership is passed to the underlying text document, i.e. the provided QTextBlockUserData object will be deleted if the corresponding text block gets deleted.

QTextBlockUserData can be used to store custom settings. In the case of syntax highlighting, it is in particular interesting as cache storage for information that you may figure out while parsing the paragraph's text.

For example while parsing the text, you can keep track of parenthesis characters that you encounter ('{[(' and the like), and store their relative position and the actual QChar in a simple class derived from QTextBlockUserData:

 struct ParenthesisInfo
 {
     QChar char;
     int position;
 };

 struct BlockData : public QTextBlockUserData
 {
     QVector<ParenthesisInfo> parentheses;
 };

During cursor navigation in the associated editor, you can ask the current QTextBlock (retrieved using the QTextCursor::block() function) if it has a user data object set and cast it to your BlockData object. Then you can check if the current cursor position matches with a previously recorded parenthesis position, and, depending on the type of parenthesis (opening or closing), find the next opening or closing parenthesis on the same level.

In this way you can do a visual parenthesis matching and highlight from the current cursor position to the matching parenthesis. That makes it easier to spot a missing parenthesis in your code and to find where a corresponding opening/closing parenthesis is when editing parenthesis intensive code.

See also currentBlockUserData() and QTextBlock::setUserData().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setDocument ( QTextDocument * doc )

Installs the syntax highlighter on the given QTextDocument doc. A QSyntaxHighlighter can only be used with one document at a time.

See also document().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setFormat ( int start, int count, const QTextCharFormat & format ) [protected]

This function is applied to the syntax highlighter's current text block (i.e. the text that is passed to the highlightBlock() function).

The specified format is applied to the text from the start position for a length of count characters (if count is 0, nothing is done). The formatting properties set in format are merged at display time with the formatting information stored directly in the document, for example as previously set with QTextCursor's functions. Note that the document itself remains unmodified by the format set through this function.

See also format() and highlightBlock().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setFormat ( int start, int count, const QColor & color ) [protected]

This is an overloaded function.

The specified color is applied to the current text block from the start position for a length of count characters.

The other attributes of the current text block, e.g. the font and background color, are reset to default values.

See also format() and highlightBlock().

void QSyntaxHighlighter::setFormat ( int start, int count, const QFont & font ) [protected]

This is an overloaded function.

The specified font is applied to the current text block from the start position for a length of count characters.

The other attributes of the current text block, e.g. the font and background color, are reset to default values.

See also format() and highlightBlock().

Publicité

Best Of

Actualités les plus lues

Semaine
Mois
Année
  1. Microsoft ouvre aux autres compilateurs C++ AMP, la spécification pour la conception d'applications parallèles C++ utilisant le GPU 22
  2. Les développeurs ignorent-ils trop les failles découvertes dans leur code ? Prenez-vous en compte les remarques des autres ? 17
  3. RIM : « 13 % des développeurs ont gagné plus de 100 000 $ sur l'AppWord », Qt et open-source au menu du BlackBerry DevCon Europe 0
  4. « Quelque chose ne va vraiment pas avec les développeurs "modernes" », un développeur à "l'ancienne" critique la multiplication des bibliothèques 12
  5. BlackBerry 10 : premières images du prochain OS de RIM qui devrait intégrer des widgets et des tuiles inspirées de Windows Phone 0
  6. Adieu qmake, bienvenue qbs : Qt Building Suite, un outil déclaratif et extensible pour la compilation de projets Qt 17
  7. Quelles nouveautés de C++11 Visual C++ doit-il rapidement intégrer ? Donnez-nous votre avis 10
Page suivante

Le Qt Developer Network au hasard

Logo

Compiler l'add-in Qt de Visual Studio

Le Qt Developer Network est un réseau de développeurs Qt anglophone, où ils peuvent partager leur expérience sur le framework. Lire l'article.

Communauté

Ressources

Liens utiles

Contact

  • Vous souhaitez rejoindre la rédaction ou proposer un tutoriel, une traduction, une question... ? Postez dans le forum Contribuez ou contactez-nous par MP ou par email (voir en bas de page).

Qt dans le magazine

Cette page est une traduction d'une page de la documentation de Qt, écrite par Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies). Les éventuels problèmes résultant d'une mauvaise traduction ne sont pas imputables à Nokia. Qt 4.7
Copyright © 2012 Developpez LLC. Tous droits réservés Developpez LLC. Aucune reproduction, même partielle, ne peut être faite de ce site et de l'ensemble de son contenu : textes, documents et images sans l'autorisation expresse de Developpez LLC. Sinon, vous encourez selon la loi jusqu'à 3 ans de prison et jusqu'à 300 000 E de dommages et intérêts. Cette page est déposée à la SACD.
Vous avez déniché une erreur ? Un bug ? Une redirection cassée ? Ou tout autre problème, quel qu'il soit ? Ou bien vous désirez participer à ce projet de traduction ? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter ou par MP !
 
 
 
 
Partenaires

Hébergement Web