QNetworkAccessManager Class

 QNetworkAccessManager *manager = new QNetworkAccessManager(this);
 connect(manager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)),
         this, SLOT(replyFinished(QNetworkReply*)));

 manager->get(QNetworkRequest(QUrl("http://qt.nokia.com")));

 QNetworkRequest request;
 request.setUrl(QUrl("http://qt.nokia.com"));
 request.setRawHeader("User-Agent", "MyOwnBrowser 1.0");

 QNetworkReply *reply = manager->get(request);
 connect(reply, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(slotReadyRead()));
 connect(reply, SIGNAL(error(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)),
         this, SLOT(slotError(QNetworkReply::NetworkError)));
 connect(reply, SIGNAL(sslErrors(QList<QSslError>)),
         this, SLOT(slotSslErrors(QList<QSslError>)));

 networkAccessManager->setNetworkAccessible(QNetworkAccessManager::NotAccessible);

 networkAccessManager->setNetworkAccessible(QNetworkAccessManager::Accessible);

Member Function Documentation

QNetworkAccessManager::QNetworkAccessManager(QObject * parent = 0)

Constructs a QNetworkAccessManager object that is the center of the Network Access API and sets parent as the parent object.

QNetworkAccessManager::~QNetworkAccessManager()

Destroys the QNetworkAccessManager object and frees up any resources. Note that QNetworkReply objects that are returned from this class have this object set as their parents, which means that they will be deleted along with it if you don't call QObject::setParent() on them.

QNetworkConfiguration QNetworkAccessManager::activeConfiguration() const

Returns the current active network configuration.

If the network configuration returned by configuration() is of type QNetworkConfiguration::ServiceNetwork this function will return the current active child network configuration of that configuration. Otherwise returns the same network configuration as configuration().

Use this function to return the actual network configuration currently in use by the network session.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.7.

See also configuration().

void QNetworkAccessManager::authenticationRequired(QNetworkReply * reply, QAuthenticator * authenticator) [signal]

This signal is emitted whenever a final server requests authentication before it delivers the requested contents. The slot connected to this signal should fill the credentials for the contents (which can be determined by inspecting the reply object) in the authenticator object.

QNetworkAccessManager will cache the credentials internally and will send the same values if the server requires authentication again, without emitting the authenticationRequired() signal. If it rejects the credentials, this signal will be emitted again.

Note: To have the request not send credentials you must not call setUser() or setPassword() on the authenticator object. This will result in the the finished() signal being emitted with a QNetworkReply with error AuthenticationRequiredError.

Note: It is not possible to use a QueuedConnection to connect to this signal, as the connection will fail if the authenticator has not been filled in with new information when the signal returns.

See also proxyAuthenticationRequired(), QAuthenticator::setUser(), and QAuthenticator::setPassword().

QAbstractNetworkCache * QNetworkAccessManager::cache() const

Returns the cache that is used to store data obtained from the network.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.5.

See also setCache().

void QNetworkAccessManager::clearAccessCache()

Flushes the internal cache of authentication data and network connections.

This function is useful for doing auto tests.

This function was introduced in Qt 5.0.

QNetworkConfiguration QNetworkAccessManager::configuration() const

Returns the network configuration that will be used to create the network session which will be used when processing network requests.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.7.

See also setConfiguration() and activeConfiguration().

QNetworkCookieJar * QNetworkAccessManager::cookieJar() const

Returns the QNetworkCookieJar that is used to store cookies obtained from the network as well as cookies that are about to be sent.

See also setCookieJar().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::createRequest(Operation op, const QNetworkRequest & req, QIODevice * outgoingData = 0) [virtual protected]

Returns a new QNetworkReply object to handle the operation op and request req. The device outgoingData is always 0 for Get and Head requests, but is the value passed to post() and put() in those operations (the QByteArray variants will pass a QBuffer object).

The default implementation calls QNetworkCookieJar::cookiesForUrl() on the cookie jar set with setCookieJar() to obtain the cookies to be sent to the remote server.

The returned object must be in an open state.

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::deleteResource(const QNetworkRequest & request)

Sends a request to delete the resource identified by the URL of request.

Note: This feature is currently available for HTTP only, performing an HTTP DELETE request.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.6.

See also get(), post(), put(), and sendCustomRequest().

void QNetworkAccessManager::finished(QNetworkReply * reply) [signal]

This signal is emitted whenever a pending network reply is finished. The reply parameter will contain a pointer to the reply that has just finished. This signal is emitted in tandem with the QNetworkReply::finished() signal.

See QNetworkReply::finished() for information on the status that the object will be in.

Note: Do not delete the reply object in the slot connected to this signal. Use deleteLater().

See also QNetworkReply::finished() and QNetworkReply::error().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::get(const QNetworkRequest & request)

Posts a request to obtain the contents of the target request and returns a new QNetworkReply object opened for reading which emits the readyRead() signal whenever new data arrives.

The contents as well as associated headers will be downloaded.

See also post(), put(), deleteResource(), and sendCustomRequest().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::head(const QNetworkRequest & request)

Posts a request to obtain the network headers for request and returns a new QNetworkReply object which will contain such headers.

The function is named after the HTTP request associated (HEAD).

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::post(const QNetworkRequest & request, QIODevice * data)

Sends an HTTP POST request to the destination specified by request and returns a new QNetworkReply object opened for reading that will contain the reply sent by the server. The contents of the data device will be uploaded to the server.

data must be open for reading and must remain valid until the finished() signal is emitted for this reply.

Note: Sending a POST request on protocols other than HTTP and HTTPS is undefined and will probably fail.

See also get(), put(), deleteResource(), and sendCustomRequest().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::post(const QNetworkRequest & request, const QByteArray & data)

This is an overloaded function.

Sends the contents of the data byte array to the destination specified by request.

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::post(const QNetworkRequest & request, QHttpMultiPart * multiPart)

This is an overloaded function.

Sends the contents of the multiPart message to the destination specified by request.

This can be used for sending MIME multipart messages over HTTP.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.8.

See also QHttpMultiPart, QHttpPart, and put().

QNetworkProxy QNetworkAccessManager::proxy() const

Returns the QNetworkProxy that the requests sent using this QNetworkAccessManager object will use. The default value for the proxy is QNetworkProxy::DefaultProxy.

See also setProxy(), setProxyFactory(), and proxyAuthenticationRequired().

void QNetworkAccessManager::proxyAuthenticationRequired(const QNetworkProxy & proxy, QAuthenticator * authenticator) [signal]

This signal is emitted whenever a proxy requests authentication and QNetworkAccessManager cannot find a valid, cached credential. The slot connected to this signal should fill in the credentials for the proxy proxy in the authenticator object.

QNetworkAccessManager will cache the credentials internally. The next time the proxy requests authentication, QNetworkAccessManager will automatically send the same credential without emitting the proxyAuthenticationRequired signal again.

If the proxy rejects the credentials, QNetworkAccessManager will emit the signal again.

See also proxy(), setProxy(), and authenticationRequired().

QNetworkProxyFactory * QNetworkAccessManager::proxyFactory() const

Returns the proxy factory that this QNetworkAccessManager object is using to determine the proxies to be used for requests.

Note that the pointer returned by this function is managed by QNetworkAccessManager and could be deleted at any time.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.5.

See also setProxyFactory() and proxy().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::put(const QNetworkRequest & request, QIODevice * data)

Uploads the contents of data to the destination request and returnes a new QNetworkReply object that will be open for reply.

data must be opened for reading when this function is called and must remain valid until the finished() signal is emitted for this reply.

Whether anything will be available for reading from the returned object is protocol dependent. For HTTP, the server may send a small HTML page indicating the upload was successful (or not). Other protocols will probably have content in their replies.

Note: For HTTP, this request will send a PUT request, which most servers do not allow. Form upload mechanisms, including that of uploading files through HTML forms, use the POST mechanism.

See also get(), post(), deleteResource(), and sendCustomRequest().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::put(const QNetworkRequest & request, QHttpMultiPart * multiPart)

This is an overloaded function.

Sends the contents of the multiPart message to the destination specified by request.

This can be used for sending MIME multipart messages over HTTP.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.8.

See also QHttpMultiPart, QHttpPart, and post().

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::put(const QNetworkRequest & request, const QByteArray & data)

This is an overloaded function.

Sends the contents of the data byte array to the destination specified by request.

QNetworkReply * QNetworkAccessManager::sendCustomRequest(const QNetworkRequest & request, const QByteArray & verb, QIODevice * data = 0)

Sends a custom request to the server identified by the URL of request.

It is the user's responsibility to send a verb to the server that is valid according to the HTTP specification.

This method provides means to send verbs other than the common ones provided via get() or post() etc., for instance sending an HTTP OPTIONS command.

If data is not empty, the contents of the data device will be uploaded to the server; in that case, data must be open for reading and must remain valid until the finished() signal is emitted for this reply.

Note: This feature is currently available for HTTP(S) only.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.7.

See also get(), post(), put(), and deleteResource().

void QNetworkAccessManager::setCache(QAbstractNetworkCache * cache)

Sets the manager's network cache to be the cache specified. The cache is used for all requests dispatched by the manager.

Use this function to set the network cache object to a class that implements additional features, like saving the cookies to permanent storage.

Note: QNetworkAccessManager takes ownership of the cache object.

QNetworkAccessManager by default does not have a set cache. Qt provides a simple disk cache, QNetworkDiskCache, which can be used.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.5.

See also cache() and QNetworkRequest::CacheLoadControl.

void QNetworkAccessManager::setConfiguration(const QNetworkConfiguration & config)

Sets the network configuration that will be used when creating the network session to config.

The network configuration is used to create and open a network session before any request that requires network access is process. If no network configuration is explicitly set via this function the network configuration returned by QNetworkConfigurationManager::defaultConfiguration() will be used.

To restore the default network configuration set the network configuration to the value returned from QNetworkConfigurationManager::defaultConfiguration().

 QNetworkConfigurationManager manager;
 networkAccessManager->setConfiguration(manager.defaultConfiguration());

If an invalid network configuration is set, a network session will not be created. In this case network requests will be processed regardless, but may fail. For example:

 networkAccessManager->setConfiguration(QNetworkConfiguration());

This function was introduced in Qt 4.7.

See also configuration() and QNetworkSession.

void QNetworkAccessManager::setCookieJar(QNetworkCookieJar * cookieJar)

Sets the manager's cookie jar to be the cookieJar specified. The cookie jar is used by all requests dispatched by the manager.

Use this function to set the cookie jar object to a class that implements additional features, like saving the cookies to permanent storage.

Note: QNetworkAccessManager takes ownership of the cookieJar object.

If cookieJar is in the same thread as this QNetworkAccessManager, it will set the parent of the cookieJar so that the cookie jar is deleted when this object is deleted as well. If you want to share cookie jars between different QNetworkAccessManager objects, you may want to set the cookie jar's parent to 0 after calling this function.

QNetworkAccessManager by default does not implement any cookie policy of its own: it accepts all cookies sent by the server, as long as they are well formed and meet the minimum security requirements (cookie domain matches the request's and cookie path matches the request's). In order to implement your own security policy, override the QNetworkCookieJar::cookiesForUrl() and QNetworkCookieJar::setCookiesFromUrl() virtual functions. Those functions are called by QNetworkAccessManager when it detects a new cookie.

See also cookieJar(), QNetworkCookieJar::cookiesForUrl(), and QNetworkCookieJar::setCookiesFromUrl().

void QNetworkAccessManager::setProxy(const QNetworkProxy & proxy)

Sets the proxy to be used in future requests to be proxy. This does not affect requests that have already been sent. The proxyAuthenticationRequired() signal will be emitted if the proxy requests authentication.

A proxy set with this function will be used for all requests issued by QNetworkAccessManager. In some cases, it might be necessary to select different proxies depending on the type of request being sent or the destination host. If that's the case, you should consider using setProxyFactory().

See also proxy() and proxyAuthenticationRequired().

void QNetworkAccessManager::setProxyFactory(QNetworkProxyFactory * factory)

Sets the proxy factory for this class to be factory. A proxy factory is used to determine a more specific list of proxies to be used for a given request, instead of trying to use the same proxy value for all requests.

All queries sent by QNetworkAccessManager will have type QNetworkProxyQuery::UrlRequest.

For example, a proxy factory could apply the following rules:

• if the target address is in the local network (for example, if the hostname contains no dots or if it's an IP address in the organization's range), return QNetworkProxy::NoProxy
• if the request is FTP, return an FTP proxy
• if the request is HTTP or HTTPS, then return an HTTP proxy
• otherwise, return a SOCKSv5 proxy server

The lifetime of the object factory will be managed by QNetworkAccessManager. It will delete the object when necessary.

Note: If a specific proxy is set with setProxy(), the factory will not be used.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.5.

See also proxyFactory(), setProxy(), and QNetworkProxyQuery.

void QNetworkAccessManager::sslErrors(QNetworkReply * reply, const QList<QSslError> & errors) [signal]

This signal is emitted if the SSL/TLS session encountered errors during the set up, including certificate verification errors. The errors parameter contains the list of errors and reply is the QNetworkReply that is encountering these errors.

To indicate that the errors are not fatal and that the connection should proceed, the QNetworkReply::ignoreSslErrors() function should be called from the slot connected to this signal. If it is not called, the SSL session will be torn down before any data is exchanged (including the URL).

This signal can be used to display an error message to the user indicating that security may be compromised and display the SSL settings (see sslConfiguration() to obtain it). If the user decides to proceed after analyzing the remote certificate, the slot should call ignoreSslErrors().

See also QSslSocket::sslErrors(), QNetworkReply::sslErrors(), QNetworkReply::sslConfiguration(), and QNetworkReply::ignoreSslErrors().