QtScript Calculator Example

In this simple QtScript example, we show how to implement the functionality of a calculator widget.

The program logic in this example is a fairly straight port of the logic in the C++ Calculator Example. The graphical user interface is defined in a UI file.

The C++ part of the example consists of four steps:

• Evaluate the script code that defines the Calculator class.

       QScriptEngine engine;
       QString scriptFileName(":/calculator.js");
       QFile scriptFile(scriptFileName);
       scriptFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
       engine.evaluate(scriptFile.readAll(), scriptFileName);
       scriptFile.close();

• Create a widget from the UI file using QUiLoader.

       QUiLoader loader;
       QFile uiFile(":/calculator.ui");
       uiFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
       QWidget *ui = loader.load(&uiFile);
       uiFile.close();

• Call the Calculator constructor function to create a new Calculator script object, passing the widget as argument.

       QScriptValue ctor = engine.evaluate("Calculator");
       QScriptValue scriptUi = engine.newQObject(ui, QScriptEngine::ScriptOwnership);
       QScriptValue calc = ctor.construct(QScriptValueList() << scriptUi);

• Show the widget and start the application event loop.

       ui->show();
       return app.exec();

On the script side, the Calculator constructor function initializes the instance variables of the new Calculator object, and connects the clicked() signal of the form's buttons to corresponding functions defined in the Calculator prototype object; the effect is that when a button is clicked, the proper script function will be invoked to carry out the operation.

 function Calculator(ui)
 {
     this.ui = ui;

     this.pendingAdditiveOperator = Calculator.NO_OPERATOR;
     this.pendingMultiplicativeOperator = Calculator.NO_OPERATOR;
     this.sumInMemory = 0;
     this.sumSoFar = 0;
     this.factorSoFar = 0;
     this.waitingForOperand = true;

     with (ui) {
         display.text = "0";

         zeroButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 0));
         oneButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 1));
         twoButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 2));
         threeButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 3));
         fourButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 4));
         fiveButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 5));
         sixButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 6));
         sevenButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 7));
         eightButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 8));
         nineButton.clicked.connect(this.digitClicked.bind(this, 9));

         pointButton.clicked.connect(this, "pointClicked");
         changeSignButton.clicked.connect(this, "changeSignClicked");

         backspaceButton.clicked.connect(this, "backspaceClicked");
         clearButton.clicked.connect(this, "clear");
         clearAllButton.clicked.connect(this, "clearAll");

         clearMemoryButton.clicked.connect(this, "clearMemory");
         readMemoryButton.clicked.connect(this, "readMemory");
         setMemoryButton.clicked.connect(this, "setMemory");
         addToMemoryButton.clicked.connect(this, "addToMemory");

         divisionButton.clicked.connect(this.multiplicativeOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.DIVISION_OPERATOR));
         timesButton.clicked.connect(this.multiplicativeOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.TIMES_OPERATOR));
         minusButton.clicked.connect(this.additiveOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.MINUS_OPERATOR));
         plusButton.clicked.connect(this.additiveOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.PLUS_OPERATOR));

         squareRootButton.clicked.connect(this.unaryOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.SQUARE_OPERATOR));
         powerButton.clicked.connect(this.unaryOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.POWER_OPERATOR));
         reciprocalButton.clicked.connect(this.unaryOperatorClicked.bind(this, Calculator.RECIPROCAL_OPERATOR));
         equalButton.clicked.connect(this, "equalClicked");
     }
 }

A Calculator object is just a plain script object; it is not a widget. Instead, it stores a reference to the calculator form (the widget) in an instance variable, ui. The calculator script functions can access components of the form by referring to the proper children of the ui member.

 Calculator.prototype.digitClicked = function(digitValue)
 {
     if ((digitValue == 0) && (this.ui.display.text == "0"))
         return;
     if (this.waitingForOperand) {
         this.ui.display.clear();
         this.waitingForOperand = false;
     }
     this.ui.display.text += digitValue;
 }

The digitClicked() function is called when a digit button is clicked, with the input digit as argument.

 Calculator.prototype.changeSignClicked = function()
 {
     var text = this.ui.display.text;
     var value = text - 0;

     if (value > 0) {
         text = "-" + text;
     } else if (value < 0) {
         text = text.slice(1);
     }
     this.ui.display.text = text;
 }

The changeSign() function shows how we retrieve the text property of the calculator's display, change it appropriately, and write back the new value.

Files:

• script/calculator/calculator.js
• script/calculator/calculator.ui
• script/calculator/main.cpp
• script/calculator/calculator.pro
• script/calculator/calculator.qrc