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DOM Traversal ExampleThe DOM Traversal example shows how to use the QWebElement class to access the structure of a Web page. [Missing image webkit-domtraversal.png] The QWebElement class provides an API that can be used to examine the structure and content of a Web page via a Document Object Model (DOM) interface. It can be used for basic traversal of the document structure, to search for particular elements (see the Simple Selector Example), and to modify content in-place. This example uses a QWebView widget to display the Web page, and a dock widget holds the QTreeWidget that shows the document structure. These widgets are placed in an instance of the Window class, which we describe below. Window Class DefinitionThe Window class is derived from QMainWindow and its user interface is created using Qt Designer. As a result, the class is also derived from the user interface class created by uic: Two important functions to note are the on_webView_loadFinished() slot and the examineChildElements() function. The former is automatically called when the QWebView widget finishes loading a page — see the Further Reading section for more information on this mechanism. The examineChildElements() function is used to traverse the document structure and add items to the QTreeWidget. Window Class ImplementationIn the Window class constructor, we call the setupUi() function to set up the user interface described in the window.ui file: When the Web page is loaded, the on_webView_loadFinished() slot is called. Here, we clear the tree widget and begin inspection of the document by obtaining the document element from the page's main frame: At this point, we call the examineChildElements() function to traverse the document, starting with the child elements of the document element for which we will create top level items in the tree widget. The examineChildElements() function accepts a parent element and a parent item. Starting with the first child element, which we obtain with the element's firstChild() function, we examine each child element of the parent item. For each valid (non-null) element, which we check by calling its isNull() function, we create a new QTreeWidgetItem instance with the element name and add it to the parent item. We recursively examine the child elements for each element by calling examineChildElements() with the current child element and the newly-created item. To obtain the next element at the same level in the document, we call its nextSibling() function. This recursive approach to reading the document makes it easy to create a simple representation of the document structure in a tree widget. For completeness, we show the setUrl() function, which is provided to allow the document URL to be set from the example's main() function. Starting the ExampleWe set up the application, create a Window instance, set its URL, and show it: When the application's event loop is run, the Qt home page will load, and the tree widget will be updated to show the document structure. Navigating to another page will cause the tree widget to be updated to show the document structure of the new page. Further ReadingThe QWebElement documentation contains more information about DOM access for the QtWebKit classes. In this example, we take advantage of Qt's auto-connection feature to avoid explicitly connecting signals to slots. The user interface contains a QWebView widget called webView whose loadFinished() signal is automatically connected to the on_webView_loadFinished() slot when we call setupUi() in the Window constructor. |
